Skala Mohs merupakan skala yang mengklasifikasi resistensi goresan berbagai mineral (batuan) melalui kemampuan batu yang lebih keras menggores batu yang lebih lunak. Skala Mohs diciptakan oleh Friedrich Mohs seorang ahli geologi dan mineralogi asal Jerman di tahun 1812. Mohs memberi nilai 10 untuk diamond atau intan dan nilai 1 untuk jenis batuan mineral Talc.
Daftar Tingkat Kekerasan Batu Mulia diskalakan Mohs sebagai berikut :
Hardness | Material | Absolute Hardness |
1 | Talc (Mg3Si4O10(OH)2) | 1 |
2 | Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) | 3 |
3 | Calcite (CaCO3) | 9 |
4 | Fluorite (CaF2) | 21 |
5 | Apatite (Ca5(PO4)3(OH-,Cl-,F-)) | 48 |
6 | Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8) | 72 |
7 | Quartz (SiO2) | 100 |
8 | Topaz (Al2SiO4(OH-,F-)2) | 200 |
9 | Corundum (Al2O3) | 400 |
10 | Diamond (C) | 1500 |
Berdasarkan tingkat kekerasan batu mulia ini maka dibuatkan daftar turunan 144 jenis batu mineral yaitu :
Kekerasan 10 : Diamond/Intan
Tingkat Kekerasan | Nama Batu Mulia | Kekerasan Absolut |
10 | Diamond (C) | 1500 |
9 | Corundum (Al2O3) Ruby Sapphire Star Ruby Star Sapphire Color-Change Sapphire | 400 |
8 | Topaz (Al2SiO4(OH-,F-)2) Chrysoberyl Cat's Eye Alexandrite Chrysoberyl Topaz Rutile Topaz Azotic Topaz Mystic Topaz Spinel Imperial Topaz | 200 |
7 | Quartz (SiO2) Emerald Andalusite Hambergite Aquamarine Goshenite Cat's Eye Aquamarine Beryl Morganite Demantoid Garnet Quartz Cat's Eye Amethyst Cat's Eye Tourmaline Smoky Quartz Quartz Tourmaline Star Lemon Quartz Rose Quartz Ametrine Kunzite Citrine Mystic Quartz Paraiba Tourmaline Danburite Strawberry Quartz Aventurine Rutile Quartz Chrome Tourmaline Dumortierite Quartz Iolite Rubellite Tourmaline | 100 |
6 | Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8) Tanzanite Peridot Mali Garnet Jasper Axinite Chrysoprase Fossil Coral Dendritic Agate Spessartite Garnet Fire Agate Tiger's Eye Grossularite Garnet Agate Geode Star Rose Quartz Ruby-Zoisite Star Garnet Idocrase Color-Change Garnet Hiddenite Agate Melanite Zircon Color-Change Diaspore Bloodstone Hessonite Garnet Tiger's Eye Matrix Cat's Eye Diaspore Spodumene Tsavorite Garnet Almandine Garnet Peanut Wood Onyx Carnelian Pyrope Garnet Chalcedony Rhodolite Garnet Sillimanite Cat's Eye Andesine Labradorite Star Moonstone Prehnite Labradorite Rainbow Moonstone Rainbow Pyrite Sunstone Moonstone Sugilite Clinohumite Maw-Sit-Sit Cassiterite Kyanite Star Sunstone Jadeite Nephrite Jade Orthoclase Amazonite | 72 |
5 | Apatite (Ca5(PO4)3(OH-,Cl-,F-)) Cat's Eye Scapolite Moss Opal Hematite Nuummite Moldavite Opal Doublet Fire Opal Rhodonite Scapolite Boulder Opal Opal Sodalite Hackmanite Sphene Lapis Lazuli Tremolite-Hexagonite Hemimorphite Star Diopside Smithsonite Cat's Eye Apatite Turquoise Snowflake Obsidian Apatite Chrome Diopside Obsidian Tashmarine Diopside | 48 |
4 | Fluorite (CaF2) Larimar Gaspeite Charoite Rhodochrosite Variscite Ammolite Fluorite | 21 |
3 | Calcite (CaCO3) Azurite Malachite Sphalerite Calcite Coral Verdite | 9 |
2 | Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) Lepidolite Pearl Chrysocolla Seraphinite Amber | 3 |
1 | Talc (Mg3Si4O10(OH)2) | 1 |
Tingkat Kekerasan Batu Mulia berdasarkan skala Mohs diatas memiliki nama yang asing ditelinga penikmat batu di Indonesia, apalagi jika mau disandingkan dengan tingkat kekerasan dan nama batu akik asli Indonesia.
Yooo wessss ngliatin ajalah dulu.